According to the Flag Institute, a membership-run vexillological charity,[12] "the national flag of the United Kingdom, the Crown Dependencies and Overseas Territories is the Union Flag, which may also be called the Union Jack. The sap's flat profile makes it easier to carry in a pocket and spreads its impact out over a broader area, making it less likely to break bone. Batons are legal for sworn law enforcement and military in most countries around the world. The Union Jack was to be flown alongside the National Flag at the Houses of Parliament, from the principal government buildings in the capitals, at Union ports, on government offices abroad, and at such other places as the government might determine. The Royal Union flag alongside the flag of Canada and the flag of British Columbia, at Stanley Park in Vancouver. Its first recorded recognition as a national flag came in 1908, when it was stated in Parliament that "the Union Jack should be regarded as the National flag". [38] The 3:5 version is most commonly used by the British Army and is sometimes known as the War flag. [1] Besides the head, they were also used on the elbows, wrists, shins, collarbone, and groin. This is meant to stun or knock out the subject, although head strikes have a high risk of causing a permanent, disabling brain injury or a fatality. [38] The Queen's Colours of Army regiments are 36 by 43 inches (910 mm × 1,090 mm); on them, the bars of the cross and saltire are of equal width; so are their respective fimbriations, which are very narrow.[39]. Some carried wooden shields with nails driven through them. According to the Parliament of the United Kingdom: "Until the early 17th century England and Scotland were two entirely independent kingdoms. [15], However, the authoritative A Complete Guide to Heraldry published in 1909 by Arthur Charles Fox-Davies uses the term "Union Jack".[16]. [22], Winston Churchill, British Prime Minister from 1940 to 1945, referred to the flag of the United Kingdom as the Union Jack. Rubber batons are not very effective when used on the subject's arms or legs, and can still cause injury if the head is struck. Additionally, the baton, in collapsed configuration, may be used as a control device against non-compliant subjects in conjunction with pain-compliance control techniques, such as to remove a driver refusing to exit his or her vehicle. The best-known example of the straight expandable baton is the ASP Baton, from Armament Systems and Procedures. [97][99] Other pro-democracy protestors choose to use the Union Flag and the colonial flag of Hong Kong in an effort to call upon the British government to declare that China had failed to uphold the Sino-British Joint Declaration. [83], In 1953, the Australian blue ensign was named the national flag of Australia, through the Flags Act 1953. The image is a throwback picture that sees a young Deepika sitting on a wooden horse toy. The jacks of ships flying variants of the Blue Ensign are square and have a square Union Flag in the canton. [21], The size and power of the Royal Navy internationally at the time could also explain why the flag was named the "Union Jack"; considering the navy was so widely utilised and renowned by the United Kingdom and colonies, it is possible that the term jack occurred because of its regular use on all British ships using the jackstaff (a flag pole attached to the bow of a ship). Truncheons probably developed as a marriage between the club or military mace and the staff of office/sceptre[citation needed]. The typical truncheon is a straight stick made from wood or a synthetic material, approximately 32 mm (1 1⁄4 in) in diameter and 460–910 mm (18–36 in) long, with a fluted handle to aid in gripping.